16v Head Comparison ( US vs Euro S vs 951 )
#1
Man of many SIGs
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16v Head Comparison ( US vs Euro S vs 951 )
I thought this might be of interest to some of you. I have three different heads that I will show here. The size and shape of the combustion chamber may be of interest to some of you. I also measured the exhaust port sizes. It's interesting to note that the two 928 heads have stainless steel inserts in the exhaust ports while the 944 Turbo has what looks to be ceramic liners in the exaust ports.
#1 1980 US low compression head. This head was machined to accept the larger "Euro S" sized valves. The exhaust valves are sodium filled and came from a 951. This set of heads was built for a turbo on gasoline project. The idea was that the larger valves should flow better but not have the higher compression ratio of the Euro S heads. It should net about 8.5:1 on a 4.5 liter bottom end and a bit higher on the 4.7 liter. I may not use these heads now because I've decided to run E85 ethanol. E85 doesn't heat up the valves or engine nearly as much so the soduim filled valves are unecessary. The E85 also doesn't need the lowered C:R becasue of its much higher detonation threshold.
#2: 928 Euro S head
#3 944 Turbo Head
#1 1980 US low compression head. This head was machined to accept the larger "Euro S" sized valves. The exhaust valves are sodium filled and came from a 951. This set of heads was built for a turbo on gasoline project. The idea was that the larger valves should flow better but not have the higher compression ratio of the Euro S heads. It should net about 8.5:1 on a 4.5 liter bottom end and a bit higher on the 4.7 liter. I may not use these heads now because I've decided to run E85 ethanol. E85 doesn't heat up the valves or engine nearly as much so the soduim filled valves are unecessary. The E85 also doesn't need the lowered C:R becasue of its much higher detonation threshold.
#2: 928 Euro S head
#3 944 Turbo Head
Last edited by Fabio421; 04-19-2012 at 11:44 AM.
#2
Race Director
great data.....I was reading a 944 article the other day, I think at Lindsey racing & they were saying that stock 2V 944 turbos flow MORE out the exhaust than the intake....I also think the exhaust has a stainless steel (or something similar) liner?
#3
Man of many SIGs
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I think this info deserves to be in this thread too.
This info is spread around in dozens of different threads and I thought it would be good to have one place to store it all. Can't remember seeing such thread earlier and could not find anything with search.
Yesterday we did some measurements in friends garage and came up with slightly different numbers than what people like Adam have previosly posted.
Pistons
S ROW '80-early '84 8.7cc
S3 US '85-86 6.5cc
S3 ROW '86 11cc
S4 '87-January '88 25cc
S4/GT February '88-91 20cc
GTS '92-95 25cc
944 ROW '82-88 1cc
951 '85-91 25cc
944 S2 '89-91 27cc
968 '92-95 27-28cc
Heads
S ROW '80-86 16V 48-52.5cc
S US '83-84 56cc
S3 '85-86 56.5cc
S4/GT/GTS '87-95 40-42cc
CR values based on above website calculator results. Used 1mm thick head gasket. Seems to give expected results in most cases.
Compression ratio
S ROW '80-early '84 9.5-10.1:1
S3 US '85-86 9.7:1
S3 ROW '86 9.2:1
S4 '87-January '88 9.3-9.5.:1
S4/GT February '88-91 9.9-10.1:1
GTS '92-95 10.0-10.3:1
Depending on what piston and head numbers are used CR can vary several tenths.
Link to one CR calculator:
http://www.angelfire.com/fl/procrastination/motor.html
Yesterday we did some measurements in friends garage and came up with slightly different numbers than what people like Adam have previosly posted.
Pistons
S ROW '80-early '84 8.7cc
S3 US '85-86 6.5cc
S3 ROW '86 11cc
S4 '87-January '88 25cc
S4/GT February '88-91 20cc
GTS '92-95 25cc
944 ROW '82-88 1cc
951 '85-91 25cc
944 S2 '89-91 27cc
968 '92-95 27-28cc
Heads
S ROW '80-86 16V 48-52.5cc
S US '83-84 56cc
S3 '85-86 56.5cc
S4/GT/GTS '87-95 40-42cc
CR values based on above website calculator results. Used 1mm thick head gasket. Seems to give expected results in most cases.
Compression ratio
S ROW '80-early '84 9.5-10.1:1
S3 US '85-86 9.7:1
S3 ROW '86 9.2:1
S4 '87-January '88 9.3-9.5.:1
S4/GT February '88-91 9.9-10.1:1
GTS '92-95 10.0-10.3:1
Depending on what piston and head numbers are used CR can vary several tenths.
Link to one CR calculator:
http://www.angelfire.com/fl/procrastination/motor.html
#6
Man of many SIGs
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What is the purpose of the notch cast into the combustion chamber on the 928 heads? I'm talking bout the notch that is between the valves and directly below the spark plug hole. Any idea?
#7
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Interesting, those notches. My Euro S heads did not have them (early 84, 928.104.348 3R). The area around the plug hole looks different too. 40mm exhaust valve, 45mm intake valve. Here is a pic before cleanup. They have since been cleaned and installed, but apparently I did not get any post cleanup pics.
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#8
Man of many SIGs
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Interesting, those notches. My Euro S heads did not have them (early 84, 928.104.348 3R). The area around the plug hole looks different too. 40mm exhaust valve, 45mm intake valve. Here is a pic before cleanup. They have since been cleaned and installed, but apparently I did not get any post cleanup pics.
Thanks
#9
Nordschleife Master
After you mentioned it I went back to those pics. Whatever could that feature be for? Last second attempt to increase head CC?
#10
Any idea why when Porsche went from the 4.5L to the 4.7L's they ditched the inserts in the ports?
#11
Man of many SIGs
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Do you agree that the combustion chamber looks larger and is shaped differently?
#12
I don't know about larger, that's hard to tell. Don't know what the volume of that little missing wedge is on your Euro S heads.
Could also be a little deceiving as Brians head surface isn't clean like yours. I think the carbon build up may be making it look more different then it actually is. That said though, I do think that the area around the intake valve comes up as "steeply", for lack of a better description.
Anyone else watching this thread have a similar head to Brians that could do a cc check?
#13
Man of many SIGs
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I don't know about larger, that's hard to tell. Don't know what the volume of that little missing wedge is on your Euro S heads.
Could also be a little deceiving as Brians head surface isn't clean like yours. I think the carbon build up may be making it look more different then it actually is. That said though, I do think that the area around the intake valve comes up as "steeply", for lack of a better description.
Anyone else watching this thread have a similar head to Brians that could do a cc check?
Could also be a little deceiving as Brians head surface isn't clean like yours. I think the carbon build up may be making it look more different then it actually is. That said though, I do think that the area around the intake valve comes up as "steeply", for lack of a better description.
Anyone else watching this thread have a similar head to Brians that could do a cc check?
The Euro S heads I posted above are p/n 928.104.348 2R. I just checked and I do have a set of p/n 928.104.348 3R heads that I can measure but it will be a little while. I have them on an engine thats on a stand. I'm using that engine to moch up my fuel system for my Megasquirt3x conversion. I should hopefully be able to pull them off and take a look at them in a couple weeks. I think I cc'd those heads at one point but I don't know what I did with the #'s. I'll look in my notes and see if I can find them.
I also have another set of 2R Euro S heads that I can pull off another engine this weekend and confirm that they are the same as the ones posted in the OP, although I wouldn't expect them to be any different.